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BIPIN PATEL SEFI Member
Joined: 17 Dec 2016 Posts: 1
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Posted: Sat Jul 27, 2019 7:33 amPost subject: Curing of Concrete at site and Laboratory Controlled Condition |
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Why Concrete cube is required to submerged in Water prior to Testing age. but in the field we only sprinkle water to structural member (i.e. Column/Beam/footing), we didn't submerged structural member on site. so how we can compare strength of cube and Structural member. |
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sspawar ...
Joined: 05 Jun 2009 Posts: 1199
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Posted: Fri Oct 22, 2021 11:15 amPost subject: |
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Dear Bipin
Your Question is often asked by many engineers: Its very genuine and common among civil engineers.
The answer is here: As Per Indian standards guidelines Cubes are soaked/dipped in water. 和测试和认证okay-ed当它的力量comes equal to or greater than Fyck+4 or Fyck+0.825*SD- which ever is higher. (IS 456) And Concrete is said to be okay-ed at work/ in structure - at its design strength (Fyck).
for example IF M30 is required Concrete strength as per design for a particular structure. Cube strength must come 30+4 =34 MPa while at site /at work in structure its strength is considered as 30 MPa. Cube is cured and tested differently ( in better way) as per IS guidelines, that's why 30+4 = 34 is minimum required strength Where concrete in structure is cured differently ( in possible and specified way) that's why acceptable strength is only 30. As per code Core cut sample of Concrete from structure when tested its strength is acceptable as 30 (average) and not 34.
Hope point is clear.
Regards S S PAWAR |
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sspawar ...
Joined: 05 Jun 2009 Posts: 1199
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Posted: Fri Oct 22, 2021 11:30 amPost subject: |
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As per Amendment 3 fck+3 or fck+0.825*SD whichever is higher |
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vikram.jeet General Sponsor
Joined: 26 Jan 2003 Posts: 3698
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Posted: Fri Oct 22, 2021 4:04 pmPost subject: |
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TMS , the target mean strength of concrete is higher than Characteristic Strength to assure the concrete produced at site in whole or part is not found wanting in strength .
Studies on curing by various methods indicate that dipping continually in water is best , of which only cubes or precast members can be cured . Next is the ponding of water on horizontal surfaces of floors , roofs and provide nearly same curing if ponding is retained ; For vertical surfaces of walls and rc columns , instead of spraying sprinkling water intermittently (generally continuity is not maintained at sites unless strict supervision) , it is always better to cover members surfaces with wet clothes (earlier jute funny bags) and sprinkling water to keep wet is more effective way.
But definitely cube strength requirements is higher as discussed and elaborated nicely by Er Pawar since it is cured by dipping as ideal way. Actual str members are cured in different ways and over and above , are left to mercy of Man which may/may not cure effectively. |
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suraj General Sponsor
Joined: 17 Apr 2008 Posts: 5527 Location: NCR Faridabad, E mail suraj_engineer@yahoo.co.uk
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Posted: Sat Oct 23, 2021 9:15 amPost subject: Keep cubes on slab also-Not banned in addition to codal requirements |
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Keep cubes on slab also-Not banned in addition to codal requirements For your satisfaction, place & preserve one sample of cubes on slab & cure accordingly, as slab is cured Test these cubes alongwith conventional preserved cubes & compare results These shall give same results & better try it I have experienced, as such long back |
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sspawar ...
Joined: 05 Jun 2009 Posts: 1199
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Posted: Sat Oct 23, 2021 11:43 amPost subject: Re: Keep cubes on slab also-Not banned in addition to codal requirements |
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Dear Surajji Its quite possible and might happened but it is in special cases. Not necessarily in general or in all the cases. There are many factors which may affect the result. Apart from curing, compacting method, weather condition etc , differ the results. 现场数据集可以作为证明了一样concrete mix is poured and at the same time, but filling cubes and and pouring a structure element are differently controlled process and after caring methods are also largely different. Regards
suraj wrote: |
Keep cubes on slab also-Not banned in addition to codal requirements For your satisfaction, place & preserve one sample of cubes on slab & cure accordingly, as slab is cured Test these cubes alongwith conventional preserved cubes & compare results These shall give same results & better try it I have experienced, as such long back |
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suraj General Sponsor
Joined: 17 Apr 2008 Posts: 5527 Location: NCR Faridabad, E mail suraj_engineer@yahoo.co.uk
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Posted: Sun Oct 24, 2021 4:38 amPost subject: Re: Keep cubes on slab also-Not banned in addition to codal requirements |
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Curing In 2004, I was asked by Qatar Petroleum Company, which is number 1 Petroleum orgnaisation to have samples of concrete cubes cure in same conditions as slab was cured, which instruction I did not oppose, for Contractual Engineer has got contractual right to instruct for whatever satisfaction to an extent, instruction does not contravene engineering I wrapped cubes in hessian cloth & instructed foreman to keep a watch that these cubes & slabs are perfectly cured all days & nights Codes do not mention such requirement, but Contract conditions empower engineer for issuing such an instruction
Even, concrete cores can also, be taken for additional satisfaction It is an issue, related to achieve quality & there can be no refusal to such instructions
Engineers should earn confidence on respective activities & in Bharat India, engineers do lack in confidence to maximum extent We should not all times be confined to what Code mandates, but what good industrial practice requires
I have even experienced failure of cubes in 1997 on 8th slab level of a commercial building located in Abu Dhabi UAE & it took 6 months for me in capacity as CE for those projects to plead whatever arguments had been required, per BS & ACI & ultimately, slab dismantling order was revoked & approval received from Engineer
One should have certain coordinative thinkng & thorough studies of requirements
Mistakes do happen on projects, when work goes to controls of those, who got no such skills, but all involved & one cannotcontrol each proces of all operations & activities
That is where Method statement becomes a proferssional working tool for supervision & prosecution
sspawar wrote: |
Dear Surajji Its quite possible and might happened but it is in special cases. Not necessarily in general or in all the cases. There are many factors which may affect the result. Apart from curing, compacting method, weather condition etc , differ the results. 现场数据集可以作为证明了一样concrete mix is poured and at the same time, but filling cubes and and pouring a structure element are differently controlled process and after caring methods are also largely different. Regards
suraj wrote: |
Keep cubes on slab also-Not banned in addition to codal requirements For your satisfaction, place & preserve one sample of cubes on slab & cure accordingly, as slab is cured Test these cubes alongwith conventional preserved cubes & compare results These shall give same results & better try it I have experienced, as such long back |
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yatin_joshi SEFI Member
Joined: 21 Apr 2013 Posts: 1
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Posted: Tue Oct 26, 2021 5:43 amPost subject: Re: Curing of Concrete at site and Laboratory Controlled Condition |
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BIPIN PATEL wrote: |
Why Concrete cube is required to submerged in Water prior to Testing age. but in the field we only sprinkle water to structural member (i.e. Column/Beam/footing), we didn't submerged structural member on site. so how we can compare strength of cube and Structural member. |
Dear Bipin ji, For documentation, monitoring, statutory approvals, quality assurance, one need to have results with least variations and with no place for ambiguity. Cube strength is an important event in approval process of structural element. It is a legal evidence of the quality. If we store the cube exposed to drying environment, there will be uneven drying of the surface of the cube. Dry zones will be thicker on top & side surfaces of the cube and least on the bottom surfaces of the cube. Such cubes when subjected to compressive load testing will give erratic results and no one will be able to conclude the matter. If we opt for sprinkling the water, we can not be sure about exact quantity, time, rate of sprinkle from person to person and this will lead to an argument if compression testing results are not as per requirement. 因此to eliminate the degree of variation due to manual intervention, to reduce the scope for errors, cubes are stored under water - which will be a uniform curing condition irrespective of which person is doing it.
Interesting not: Cubes left for drying in open will give higher compressive strength at 1, 3 & 7 days than the cubes submerged under water but will not achieve desired strength results at 28 days!!! _________________ Yatin Joshi |
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suraj General Sponsor
Joined: 17 Apr 2008 Posts: 5527 Location: NCR Faridabad, E mail suraj_engineer@yahoo.co.uk
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Posted: Wed Oct 27, 2021 8:24 amPost subject: Concrete Cube Testing & Approval |
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Curing & Cubes-Concrete Cube Testing & Approval
Indeed, cube results validate strength of concrete element, yet this is not real measure of concrete compressive strength
It is a mandate on Codes that cubes must be taken for certain limited cubic meters quantity of concrete or certain minimum quantity, depending on members/elements to be poured
It must be noted that cubes indicate representative samples of concrete Cubes results are valid only, when cubes pass mandated compressive testing
In case, cubes fail, which state confirms that relevant concrete element is defective qualitatively, leading to rejection of element in question, unless given codal conditions under ACI 318 are met
Evaluation of real concrete strength of concrete is resolved only, by conducting concrete cores, in line to BS related core extract sample requirement
All other tests, such as slab loading or hammer test etc are only indicative & it is up to engineer in-charge, how to reach equivalent cube strength in case of cubes failure
Requirement of concrete curing is that defined temperature must be maintained, during concrete curing
Even, if cubes are allowed to be placed on slabs to encounter real conditions, & curing is done per slab requirement, there is no problem at all to an extent, curing conditions are met
Yes, keeping cubes in water is codal requirement, even then certain major pours are cured thermally, without allowing any water application on concrete, but cubes are sampled there as well
Even auto claving is conducted for early use of concrete elements |
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vikram.jeet General Sponsor
Joined: 26 Jan 2003 Posts: 3698
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Posted: Thu Oct 28, 2021 3:22 amPost subject: |
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Acceptance /rejection criterion of concrete cubes is clear in various National Codes . But concrete is a material produced at site and variation in cube strength test results is obvious.
Instances are there where structural designer's were compelled by higher authorities to to recheck the design with slightly lower strength , say for M25 , it was asked to recheck on design for a strength at which cubes passed , say M 23. This was requested to avoid huge dismantalling in event of rejection.
But such instances were rare and for marginal shortfalls.
Cannot say the above rechecking is against spirit of agreement , but marginal shortfall for strength was also recovered from construction agency ,by the authorities , as learnt . |
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